Infections
What type of brain injury is caused by a brain infection?
What is a brain infection?
A brain infection occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites get into the brain or the surrounding tissues. These infections can lead to inflammation and damage to the brain, resulting in a brain injury.
Common types of brain infections include:
- Meningitis: Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
- Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain itself
- Brain abscess: A collection of pus in the brain caused by infection
What happens to the brain from a brain infection?
Imagine the brain as a well-guarded fortress. When an infection breaches the defenses, it can cause inflammation, swelling, and damage to the brain cells. This disrupts how the brain works and can lead to various symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms
Knowing the signs of a brain infection can help prepare you for what you might see or experience. Here are some common symptoms to look out for:
- Fever: High body temperature
- Headache: Severe and persistent headaches
- Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick to the stomach or throwing up
- Stiff neck: Difficulty moving the neck
- Confusion and memory loss: Trouble remembering events or feeling disoriented
- Seizures: Sudden, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain
- Sensitivity to light: Finding bright lights more bothersome than usual
- Drowsiness: Feeling unusually tired and lacking energy
What tests might my special person have?
A brain infection causes an acquired brain injury (ABI). ABI’s can be seen on different tests like a CT Scan or MRI. These tests will help professionals know the type of ABI, how serious it is and what parts of the brain have been hurt.
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
A machine that uses different waves to make images of organs and other tissues within the body
CT
Computerised Tomography
A machine that uses x-rays and a computer to take 3D images of the inside of the body
Surgery
A procedure where special doctors and nurses help to stop any blood going to areas it should not be going into or remove the skull to help the brain to swell safely.
EEG
Electroencephalogram
A machine used to measure electrical activity in the brain.
How does a brain infection affect the brain?
The effects of a brain infection depend on the Severity and which parts of the brain are affected. Here are some common impacts:
- Cognitive function: Difficulty with memory, attention, and problem-solving
- Movement and coordination: Difficulty with walking, balance, and fine motor skills
- Speech and understanding: Trouble speaking, understanding speech, reading, or writing
- Vision: Problems with seeing clearly or losing parts of the visual field
- Emotions: Changes in mood or behaviour, such as increased irritability or Depression
Life after a brain infection
Recovering from a brain infection can be a long journey, but many people make improvements with the right care and support. Here are some steps involved:
- Emergency treatment: Immediate medical care is crucial to treat the infection and reduce inflammation
- Medications: Antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals to combat the infection
- Rehabilitation: This includes physical therapy to regain strength and coordination, speech therapy to improve communication, and occupational therapy to relearn daily activities
- Healthy lifestyle: Following a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding activities that could result in another infection can help in recovery
- Support: Emotional and psychological support from family, friends, and professionals is crucial. Support groups can also be very helpful
How you can help?
If a special person has experienced a brain infection, you can make a big difference:
- Be patient: Recovery can take time, and your patience will be a great help
- Offer support: Help with daily tasks, be a good listener, and encourage your special person to follow their treatment and rehabilitation plan
- Stay positive: A positive attitude can boost their morale and encourage your special person to keep going
